When an older adult expresses concerns about constipation, what is the primary rationale the nurse should provide?

When an older adult expresses concerns about constipation, the primary rationale provided by the nurse should emphasize that they have less activity and decreased muscle tone. As individuals age, there is often a decline in physical activity levels due to various factors, such as chronic health issues, mobility limitations, or lifestyle changes. Regular physical activity is essential for promoting gastrointestinal motility. Reduced activity can lead to slower transit of food through the digestive tract, contributing to constipation.

Moreover, aging is associated with a decrease in muscle tone, which includes the muscles involved in bowel movements. The gastrointestinal tract relies on coordinated muscle contractions to move waste through the intestines effectively. If muscle tone decreases, it can result in compromised peristalsis—the process that helps move stool through the colon—leading to increased chances of constipation.

While diet quality, medications, and natural aging processes do impact digestive health, the key reason for constipation in older adults often centers around decreased activity levels and muscle tone. Providing this specific rationale helps the older adult understand the physiological changes related to aging and emphasizes the importance of maintaining an active lifestyle for digestive health.