Which factor is a significant risk for falls in elderly individuals?

Vision impairment is a significant risk factor for falls in elderly individuals because as people age, they often experience various changes in vision, such as decreased visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and depth perception. These changes can hinder their ability to navigate environments safely, increasing the likelihood of tripping over obstacles or misjudging distances. When vision is compromised, the ability to detect hazards in the surroundings diminishes, which can further contribute to an increased risk of falling.

In contrast, a high protein diet is generally associated with better overall health and nutrition, helping to maintain muscle mass and strength, which can actually reduce the risk of falls. A high physical activity level is usually protective against falls, as regular exercise improves strength, balance, and coordination. Good medication adherence is important for managing health conditions but may not be directly linked to fall risk; instead, certain medications may potentially increase fall risk if not monitored closely, although adherence itself is not a risk factor.